For information about this supplement see The Anime Companion Supplement main page. Additions are in the Anime Companion Supplement News page.
Hyphenated Japanese terms are listed as single words.
The inclusion of an anime or manga title in these entries is not a recommendation of that title see my Recommended Anime and Manga page for a list of my recommendations
- tabako bon (tobacco stand or tray) 煙草盆
-
These could be as simple as a box or tray with containers for lit charcoal, ashes and tobacco or as complex as an ornamented standing piece of furniture with a small brazier and drawers.
Anime:
We see Fuji using a tabako bon as he smokes from a traditional kiseru (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.70) in Gokusen (ep 3)
Manga:
O-Kane uses a small tabako bon, just a tray with 3 compartments, in Blade of the Immortal: Trickster (v.15 ch. "Pity")
In Lone Wolf and Cub (v. 7 p.209) Oichi has a client who uses a very simple tabako bon, just a open box with a container for the coal and one for the ashes.
In Samurai Executioner (v.5 p.53) a prisoner requests a last smoke on the execution grounds, they bring her a medium sized tabako bon that has a handle built into it.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1564
Koizumi Kazuko, Traditional Japanese Furniture p.141
- tabi (split-toed sock) 足袋 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.129)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1493
- TABLE see:
-
chabudai (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.17)
kotatsu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.74)
TABOO WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS see: imikotoba (taboo words and expressions)
- tachigui (standing eating) 立食い or 立ち食い
-
A type of inexpensive restaurant consisting of little more than a cooking area and counter with a very limited menu. These are usually found on the street and in or near train stations. There are no seats, customers stand and eat at the counter, often these serve noodles (men rui; The Anime Companion 2 p.56) such as rāmen (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.105), soba (The Anime Companion 2 p.90) or udon (The Anime Companion 2 p.110)
Anime:
In episode 5 of the Patlabor Original Series at a stand and eat noodle place in Tomakomai (The Anime Companion 2 p.105) Kai orders a bowl of noodles without negi (The Anime Companion 2 p.61) and adds shichimi tōgarashi (The Anime Companion 2 p.83) from a small red shaker.
Shoko works at a stand and eat noodle stand in City Hunter 2 (ep.14).
Sources:
Illustrated Living Japanese Style p.53
Illustrated Salaryman in Japan p.24
Tokyo Walking Around p.46
- tachimono (something abstained from) たちもの or 断ち物 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.129)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.329
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1495
- tachishōben (peeing in the street) 立ち小便 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.129)
- Sources:
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.119
Discover Japan v.1 p.98
TAG (GAME) see: onigokko (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.101)
- tai (sea bream) たい or 鯛 (The Anime Companion 2 p.94)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1333
- taifū (typhoon) 台風 OLD FORM 颱風.(The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1638
Today's Japan p.27
- taiho-jutsu (arresting arts) 逮捕術
-
Taiho-jutsu is a martial art (jutsu) used for making arrests (taiho). Taiho-jutsu was originally a mixture of sword (kenjutsu; (The Anime Companion 2 p.45)) and jūjutsu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.56) techniques used to capture rather than harm opponents. Over time the techniques were refined and special weapons were developed to aid in capturing suspects alive and unharmed.
Manga:
A significant secondary character in Samurai Executioner (v.3 p.227) is Sakane Kasajirō, a jōmawari who uses a kaginawa (hook rope), and is a practitioner of taiho-jutsu.
Sources:
Cunningham, Don. Taiho-Jutsu p.61
- taiko (large drum) 太鼓 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1497
- Taira [family] 平氏 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1498
Must-See in Kyoto p.178
- Taira no Masakado 平将門 OLD FORM 平將門 (The Anime Companion 2 p.95)
- Sources:
Cybriwsky, Roman. Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p. 138
Waley, Paul. Tokyo Now & Then p.41
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1499
- Taishō jidai (Taishō Period) 大正時代 (The Anime Companion 2 p.95)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1502
TAISHŌ PERIOD see: Taishō jidai (The Anime Companion 2 p.95)
TAITO DISTRICT see: Taitō-ku (The Anime Companion 2 p.95)
TAITO WARD see: Taitō-ku (The Anime Companion 2 p.95)
- Taitō-ku 台東区 OLD FORM 臺東區 (The Anime Companion 2 p.95)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia 1504
Tokyo Metropolitan Atlas p.14-15
Web Sites:
Taitō (official site)
- tai-yaki たいやき or 鯛焼き (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
- Sources:
A Look Into Tokyo p.133, Eating in Japan p.134
- Takahama Kyoshi 高浜虚子 OLD FORM 高濱虛子
-
1874-1959 A novelist and haiku poet. Born in Matsuyama he dropped out of school and moved to Tōkyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.104) in 1894 to study Edo period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25) literature. When his mentor Masaoka Shiki was having trouble with his haiku magazine Hototogisu Takahama took over the position of editor and publisher. He not only expanded the literary scope of Hototogisu but also helped young writers gain needed exposure. Takahama continued to write and edit for the rest of his life. In 1954 he was given the Order of Culture.
Manga:
Takahama Kyoshi is mentioned in The Times of Botchan (v.1 p. 15, 18)
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p. 1506
- Takamagahara (plain of high heaven) 高天が原 OR 高天原(The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1508
TAKAMANOHARA. see: Takamagahara (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
- takarabune (treasure ship) 宝船
-
A treasure ship often depicted with the seven deities of good fortune (Shichifuku-jin; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.117) riding on it. Prints and pictures of such a ship are a New Year's tradition. In the Muromachi Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.90) a custom of sleeping with such a picture under the pillow developed as a way to have good first dreams of the year. This custom later spread to commoners in the Edo Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25).
Anime:
In Pom Poko we see a group of tanuki (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133) load up a takarabune before heading down the Tamagawa river.
In episode 17 of Ranma 1/2 Anything Goes Martial Arts we see a treasure ship in Kuno's dream with Akane and Ranma-chan in it.
Sources:
Illustrated A Look Into Japan p.101, 103
Kiritani, Elizabeth. Vanishing Japan p.156
- Takarazuka Kagekidan (Takarazuka Opera Company) 宝塚歌劇団 OLD FORM 宝塚歌劇團 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.131)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1511
Web sites:
Takarazuka Kagekidan official English site
TAKARAZUKA OPERA COMPANY see: Takarazuka Kagekidan (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.131)
- Takasugi Shinsaku 高杉晋作 FORMAL 高杉晉作 (The Anime Companion 2 p.96)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1512
TAKECHI HANPEITA see: Takechi Zuizan
- Takechi Zuizan 武市瑞山
-
1829-65 Also known as Takechi Hanpeita. His father was a rural samurai of Tosa han (The Anime Companion 2 p.106). As a young man he traveled to Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18) where he met supporters of sonnō jōi (The Anime Companion 2 p.90) and converted to their viewpoint. On his return to Tosa he became the founder of the Tosa Kinnōtō (Tosa Loyalist Party), among the early members were Sakamoto Ryōma (The Anime Companion 2 p.76) and Nakaoka Shintaro. His group assassinated Yoshida Tōyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.118), an important han advisor, and gained great influence in local politics for awhile. He even dispatched hito-kiri to Kyōto (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.77). A few years after his group's fall from power he was ordered to commit seppuku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.115)
Manga:
Takechi shows up as a companion to Katsu Kaishū (The Anime Companion 2 p.42) in Vanity Angel (issue 5)
Sources:
Hillsborough, Romulus. Shinsengumi p.66
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1513
TAKECHIYO see: Tokugawa Nobuyasu
- takenokawa (bamboo sheaths used as wrappers) 竹の皮 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.131)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.51
- takenoko (bamboo shoot) たけのこ or 竹の子 or 筍 (The Anime Companion 2 p.96)
- Sources:
Ashburne, John & Abe Yoshi. World Food Japan p. 65
Eating in Japan p.31, p.100
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.153
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.389)
- takeuma (bamboo horse or stilts) 竹馬 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.131)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.542
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1458
TAKING OFF SHOES see: genkan (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.34)
TAKIZAWA BAKIN see: Bakin (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.8)
- tako (octopus) たこ or 蛸 or 章魚 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.131)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.292
- tako-age (kite flying) 凧揚げ (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.132)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.796
Joya, Mock. Japanese Customs and Manners p.9, p.50
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.516
A Look Into Tokyo p.23, 27
- takoyaki 蛸焼き OR たこ焼き(The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.132)
- Sources:
Eating in Japan p.124
Must-See in Nikko p.103
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1517
- Takuan Sōhō 沢庵宗彭 FORMAL 澤庵宗彭 (The Anime Companion 2 p.96)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1518
Frederic, Louis. Japan Encyclopedia p.942
Enbutsu Sumiko. Old Tokyo p.140
- takushi (taxi) タクシー (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133)
- Sources:
Living Japanese Style p.30-1
A Look Into Tokyo p.179
Japanese Family and Culture p.127
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman. Japanese Etiquette Today p.55
Today's Japan p.108
TALE OF GENJI see: Genji Monogatari
- TALISMANS, SHINTŌ see:
-
ofuda (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.98)
omamori (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.100)
- Tama Chiku (Tama Area) 多摩地区 (The Anime Companion 2 p.97)
- Sources:
Cybriwsky, Roman. Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p. 139
- Tama Nyū Taun (Tama New Town) 多摩ニュータウン (The Anime Companion 2 p.97)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p. 1520
TAMA RIVER see: Tamagawa
- Tamagawa 多摩川
-
A major river flowing 126 kilometers (78 miles) through the full length of Tōkyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.104). The upper watershed flows from the Chichibu highlands in Yamanashi Ken to Tōkyō Bay (see: Tōkyō Wan; The Anime Companion 2 p.105). Entering Tōkyō in Okutama-machi the river flows from Okutamako Lake, through Okutama-machi and Ōme-shi then along the borders of Akiruno-shi, Hamura-shi, Fusa-shi, Akishima-shi, Hachiōji-shi (The Anime Companion 2 p.25), Hino-shi, Tama-shi, Fuchū-shi, Inagi-shi and Chōfu-shi. From this point the river forms the border between Tōkyō and Kanagawa Ken (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.60) flowing south of Chōfu-shi, Komae-shi, Setagaya-ku and finally Ōta-ku where it enters the Bay. The Tamagawa is a major water source for Tōkyō, as it once was for Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18), and also is a recreational resource. The Tamagawa water system for delivering water to the city has been in existence since 1653.
Anime:
In Pom Poko we see a group of tanuki (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133) load up a takarabune (treasure ship) before heading down the Tamagawa on it.
Manga:
In Hot Gimmick (v.1 p.179) the author mentions the summer fireworks show on the Tama river.
The normally shy with girls Hiba takes Iko rowing on the Tama river in Wild 7 (v.5 p.81).
Sources:
Cybriwsky, Roman. Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p.14
Naito Akira. Edo: The City That Became Tokyo p.74
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1520
Tokyo Metropolitan Atlas 92-93, 58-59, 56-57, 66-67, 26-27, 24-25 (this sequence follows the river flow from the highlands to the bay.)
- tamago (egg) 卵 or たまご (The Anime Companion 2 p.97)
- Sources:
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.154
- tamago dōfu (egg tōfu) たまごどうふ or 卵豆腐
-
A type of egg custard made by cooking egg with dashi (The Anime Companion 2 p.15) and shaping it in the form of a block. Usually it is served chilled with a warijōyu sauce.
Manga:
Called "egg tōfu" in Doing Time (p.120) it is one of the foods for the New Year mentioned in the story.
Sources:
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.154
- tamago-zake (egg yolk in sake) 卵酒 (The Anime Companion 2 p.97)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock, Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.62
- Tamaya
-
A major manufacturer of fireworks (hanabi The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.39) in Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18). The founder had been an apprentice of their major competitor the Kagiya company. Each year the companies would try to out do each other in the making to beautiful displays. Some ukiyo-e prints often have fireworks that are known to be designs by this company. The Tamaya company went out of business in 1834 after their factory burned down in a fire and the family was exiled for the destruction of the neighborhood.
Manga:
Spectators shout out Tamaya! Kagiya! at the Ryōgoku River Festival fireworks show on the Sumidagawa (The Anime Companion 2 p.93) in Samurai Executioner (v.6 p.188)
Sources:
Hanabi: The Fireworks of Japan p.69
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.376
Waley, Paul. Tokyo: City of Stories p.117
- Tanabata 七夕 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.128, p.239
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1522
TANG MEIN see: tanmen
TANGERINE see: mikan (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.82)
TANGO FESTIVAL see: Kodomo-no-Hi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.72)
TANGO NO SEKKU see: Kodomo-no-Hi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.72)
- Tanizaki Jun'ichirō 谷崎潤一郎 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1526
- tanmen タンメン or たんめん
-
A Chinese dish, Tang mein, found in Chinese (chūka ryōri-ya; The Anime Companion 2 p.14) or shokudō, restaurants that serve a variety of cuisines. Tanmen consists of Chinese noodles with little pieces of pork, some vegetables often carrot (ninjin; The Anime Companion 2 p.63), mushrooms, hakusai (Chinese cabbage), sliced bamboo shoot (takenoko; The Anime Companion 2 p.96) served in a bowl in pork broth.
Anime:
Tang mein is ordered at a restaurant in Martian Successor Nadesico (ep.23)
Instant tanmen mentioned when Noa is taking orders for dinner in the Patlabor OVA Original Series (ep. 2).
Manga:
A woman walks into a Chinese restaurant in Old Boy (v.2 p.51) and orders tanmen noodles.
Sources:
Nagasawa Kimiko & Camy Condon. Eating Cheap in Japan p.34 35, 56
Satterwhite, Robb. What’s What in Japanese Restaurants p.135
- tanshin funin (absent father) 単身赴任
-
Literally this means "Proceeding to a new post alone". When a father is assigned a new position away from the city he lives in it is not unusual for the mother and children to stay behind for some time, even years. There are several social pressures against moving, a major one is to avoid the disruption moving would have on a child's education. Another factor is the effect on home ownership, selling one's home and buying a new one is an added financial burden many families did not wish to make. The new posting could mean a promotion, or future promotion for the worker so turning such a position down could have a negative effect on advancement. This phenomenon became more common in the 1970s and 80s. In the mid 1980s it is estimated that 134,000 employees a year were in such a situation. Most companies provided special allowances to assist families in this situation.
Anime and Manga:
In Video Girl Ai Yota has no mother and his father, a designer, is usually working away from home for months at a time.
Anime:
In Kimagure Orange Road Madoka and her sister live together in the family home while their parents, professional musicians, live in the United States
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1710
- tansu (wooden chest) 箪笥 FORMAL 簞笥 (The Anime Companion 2 p.97)
- Sources:
Bornoff, Nicholas and Michael Freeman. Things Japanese p.12-13
Outlook on Japan p.43
- tanuki 狸 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1528, 1364
Joya, Mock. Japanese Customs and Manners p.55
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.10
TANUKI DOMBURI see: ten-don
- tanzaku 短冊 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.134)
- Sources:
A Look Into Japan p.87
Japanese Family and Culture p.86)
TAPIR see: Baku (dream eater) (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.9)
- taraibune (tub boat) 盥舟 or 盥船 (The Anime Companion 2 p.98)
- Sources:
Waycott, Agness. Sado: Japan’s Island in Exile p.114
- taryū-jiai (duel) 他流試合 (The Anime Companion 2 p.98)
- Sources:
Turnbull, Stephen. The Lone Samurai and the Martial Arts p.66
- tasuki (cord to tie sleeves) 襷
-
A cord or band of cloth to tie up the wide sleeves of traditional Japanese clothing. This was done so that the tasuki went around each upper arm near the shoulders and crossed in the back. The tasuki holds the sleeves in place so they do not interfere with the task at hand. Tasuki are used during housework, labor, at festivals, in combat and during martial arts training, all of these are conditions where the sleeves could interfere with activity. Tasuki can also be used in a symbolic manner as part of ceremonial dress during religious events or when a single band is draped from shoulder to waste by campaigning politicians, in this case the name of the politician will be written on the tasuki.
Anime and Manga:
We see tasuki used in Ai Yori Aoshi (ep. 2 and v.1 p.103)
Anime:
Domestic use of tasuki while doing chores is seen in Spirited Away and My Neighbor Totoro.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1530
Skoss, Diane, ed. Sword & Spirit: Classical Warrior Traditions of Japan p.61
- tatami 畳 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.134)
- Sources:
A Look Into Japan p.182
Japanese Family and Culture p.49
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1530
TATTOO see: irezumi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.50)
TAXI see: takushi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.133)
- tayū 太夫
-
A Chinese loan word that means "master", originally this was applied to 5th rank officials of the Imperial Court. After some time it was adopted by shrine (jinja; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.54) and temple (jiin; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.53) performers as a suffix, pronounced "dayū", to their names. During the Edo Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25) it had other uses. One was for the highest ranking courtesans of the pleasure quarters. The qualifications were so high that from the mid 17th century until the mid 18th the number of tayū in Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18) declined from seventy-five to one, after that time there were none in Edo. However the term was at times used in an honorific way rather than as an official rank. One reason for this is many early tayū came from impoverished high ranking families, the standards involved not only beauty but deportment and skills. The rank did survive in Kyōto (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.77). Another use of the term was for onnagata performers in kabuki (The Anime Companion 2 p.35), who often played tayū in stage productions. It is also applied to musicians if they belonged to the tokiwazu or kiyomoto schools of gidayū and jōruri. Eventually the term lost prestige in the theater and was applied to any performer, even performing animals. The term was also applied to Shintō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.121) priests and in some areas is still used.
Anime:
In Peacemaker (ep 12) Akesato is a tayū.
Manga:
In volume 2 of Kaze Hikaru (p.19) there is talk of paying for a tayū as it is Kamiya's first trip to Shimabara, later in volume 5 (p.17-18) we see the kagema Yukiya who is nicknamed the "no-dance tayu" due to an injured leg.
Sources:
Dougill, John. Kyoto: A Cultural History p.177-179
Leiter , Samuel. New Kabuki Encyclopedia p.642-643
Seigle, Cecilia Segawa. Yoshiwara: The Glittering World of the Japanese Courtesan p,34-36
TB see: kekkaku (The Anime Companion 2 p.44)
TEA BOWL see: chawan (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.18)
TEA CEREMONY see: cha-no-yu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.17)
TEA CEREMONY SWEETS see: yokan (The Anime Companion 2 p.117)
TEA ON RICE see: chazuke (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.18)
TEA see: cha (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.16)
TEETH BLACKENED see: ohaguro
- Teikoku Daigaku (Imperial Universities) 帝国大学 OLD FORM 帝國大學 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.134)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.596
- Teikoku Hoteru (Imperial Hotel) 帝国ホテル OLD FORM 帝國ホテル (The Anime Companion 2 p.98)
- Sources:
De Mente, Boye Lafayette. Japan Encyclopedia p. 236
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.593
Look Into Tokyo p.99
Web Sites:
The Imperial Hotel (Tōkyō)
TEISHINTAI see: ianfu (comfort women)
- teishoku (set meal) ていしょく or 定食 (The Anime Companion 2 p.98)
- Sources:
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.156
TELECLUB see: terekura (telephone club)
TELEPHONE CLUB see: terekura
TELEPHONES see: denwa (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.22)
TELEVISION see: terebi (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- temari てまり
-
Handball. A popular traditional toy, after the 13th century these were made of cotton and yarn and decorated with colorful silks. In urban areas games with temari are at times played indoors and in rural areas outdoors. One game is played by bouncing the ball up and down while singing a short song. At the end of the song one has gained one point.
Manga:
In Lone Wolf and Cub (v.1 p.268) we see two girls play a bouncing game with a temari which leads Ōgami to recollect the incidents that led him and his son to a life as assassins.
Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.543
- temizuya 手水屋 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.134)
- Sources:
Bocking, Brian. A Popular Dictionary of Shintō p.200
Illustrated A Look Into Japan p.20
TEMMAN TENJIN see: Sugawara-no-Michizane (The Anime Companion 2 p.91)
TEMPLE BELL see: bonshō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.13)
TEMPLE OF THE GOLDEN PAVILION see: Kinkakuji (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.69)
TEMPURA see: tenpura (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
TENDAI SECT see: Tendaishū (Tendai sect)
- Tendaishū (Tendai sect) 天台宗
-
The Tendai sect of Buddhism. In 806 Saichō established this sect in Japan when he brought in T'ien-t'ai teachings from China. Tendai and Shingon were the two major sects of the Heian Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.44)
. Later popular Buddhist movements, the Nichirenshū (Nichiren sect) and Jōdō sects, had origins in Tendai. Japanese Tendai differs from it's Chinese origins in that it also includes many of the esoteric teachings of Shingonshū (Shingon sect of Buddhism). This mixture was required by the emperor Kammu and the sect remained closely associated with the nobility until the Edo Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25). During the Sengoku jidai (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.113) Oda Nobunaga (The Anime Companion 2 p.65) ordered the destruction of the Enryakuji temple complex on Hieizan (The Anime Companion 2 p.28) ending much of the political influence the sect had. Today the headquarters is still Enryakuji.
Manga:
Gokokusan Tennoji Temple Tendai Sect Tennoji-cho Shimoya Yanaka is on a list of temples having hojicho in Lady Snowblood (v.2 p.32)
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1549
- tendon (tenpura and rice) てんどん or 天丼 (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- Source:
Eating in Japan p. 73
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1549
Nagasawa Kimiko & Camy Condon. Eating Cheap in Japan p. 20-21
- tengai (basket-like hat) 天蓋
-
A woven hat that completely covered the head from view with a series of slits at the front so the wearer could see where they were going. These were worn by the wandering komusō of the Fukeshū sect of Zen Buddhism (The Anime Companion 2 p.122) who would often play their shakuhachi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.116) while wearing the hat. This hat made the garb of the komusō useful as a disguise for those wishing to travel incognito or for ninja spies. The term is the same as used for canopies or umbrellas used over statues of the Buddha or priests in processions.
Anime:
A large group of Fukeshū komusō wearing tengai cross Nihonbashi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.94) in Samurai Champloo (ep.6)
An interesting improvised tengai is in Maison Ikkoku (ep.37) when Yotsuya-san uses a paper bag with holes for the eyes, other than that he has the full garb of a komusō.
Manga:
In Lone Wolf and Cub (for example: v.1 p.167 and v.10 p.113) we see the garb of a Fukeshū komusō used as a disguise.
Sources:
Turnbull, Stephen. Ninja AD 1460 - 1650 p.18, 27
Turnbull, Stephen. Samurai Warriors p.156
- tengu (demon) 天狗 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.134)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1549
A Look Into Japan p.105
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.86
TENGU PARTY see: Tengutō
- Tengutō 天狗党
-
The Tengutō was a pro-imperial political faction in Mito han (The Anime Companion 2 p.57) that emerged during a succession dispute in 1829 over who would be the new daimyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.15), Tokugawa Nariaki, who the Tengutō supported became daimyō. In 1864 open conflict broke out between the Tengutō and the pro bakufu (The Anime Companion 2 p.8) shosei (student faction) which quickly led to civil war. Eventually the Tokugawa (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137) government sent in it's troops to put down what was a rebellion against it's authority. The Tengutō forces on Mt Tsukuba marched towards Kyōto (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.77) taking supplies from the villagers and drafting peasants into their band. Angered by this peasants captured and killed any members of the band they could. After six months of often bloody fighting and executions the Tengutō was defeated and it's leaders Takeda Kōunsai and Fujita Koshirō as well as many of their followers were executed. Over 1,300 died in Mito and hundreds in other han during the length of the conflict. Later there would be a long series of executions of members of Tengutō families down to small male children, when the Meiji Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.81) began prisoners, many just girls, still living were released from jail and there were years of retaliatory killings by imperial loyalists.
Anime:
A group of thugs calls itself the Tengutō, translated as "Tengu party", in Rurouni Kenshin (ep.77)
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.979
Satow, Ernest. Diplomat in Japan p.380-382
Yamakawa Kikue. Women of the Mito Domain: Recollections of Samurai Family Life p.26, 116-118,120-121,129
- tenisu (tennis) テニス (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.135)
- Sources:
Living in Japan p.253
Martial Arts & Sports in Japan p.177
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1552
TENJIN see: Sugawara-no-Michizane (The Anime Companion 2 p.91)
TENNIS see: tenisu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.135)
- tennyo (heavenly maiden, nymph, angel) 天女 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.135)
- Sources:
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.187
- tenpura てんぷら or 天婦羅 or 天麩羅 (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- Sources:
De Mente, Boye Lafayette. Japan Encyclopedia p. 483
Eating in Japan p.36
Hosking, Richard. Dictionary of Japanese Food p.157
Outlook on Japan p.146
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1549
TENPURA AND RICE see: tendon (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
TENPURA DONBUTI see: tendon (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
TENPURA NOODLES see: tenpura soba (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- tenpura soba (tenpura noodles) 天ぷらそば OR 天麩羅蕎麦 OLD FORM 天麩羅蕎麥 (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- Sources:
Nagasawa Kimiko & Camy Condon. Eating Cheap in Japan p.34, 35
- Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū 天真正伝香取神道流
-
Also known as Katori Shintō-ryū, the name can be translated as "The Shintō tradition which flows from a true and correct transmission from the deity of Katori Shrine". Katori jingu is a Shintō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.121) shrine located in present day Chiba Ken (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.18). Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū is believed by many to be the oldest existing ryū (The Anime Companion 2 p.75) of bujutsu surviving for over 600 years of unbroken lineage. This kenjutsu (The Anime Companion 2 p.45) school also teaches the oldest known form of iai-jutsu (see: battō-jutsu The Anime Companion 2 p.9) as well as the use of bo (staff), naginata (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.91), yari (spear), and other weapons was founded in the 15th century by Iizasa Choisai Ienao. It applies principles from Shintō as well as Zen Buddhism (The Anime Companion 2 p.122) to its techniques. Also incorporated are rituals to Marishiten and the mudra (see: inzō; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.50) of the kuji (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.75), which are used in the kata (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.64) of the school, these are considered elements that strengthen the psycho-physical dominance of the practitioner in the battlefield. Part of the advanced training are several disciplines for use in actual warfare, including ninjutsu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.95). Today Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū is officially classed as a Cultural Treasure of Japan. One of the most famous swordsmen of Japan who studied this ryū was Kamiizumi Nobutsuna, and one of the most famous non-Japanese was the martial arts scholar Donn Draeger.
Anime:
In Sword for Truth listen carefully at the beginning of the fighting scene with Tashiro Gunbei and you will hear him say Tenshin Shoden Katori Shintō-ryū which is weirdly translated as: "I have been taught by Master Katori in the Divine Shintō style"
Sources:
Frederic, Louis. Dictionary of the Martial Arts p.108.
Hall, Davis Avalon. Marishiten: Buddhism and the Warrior Goddess p.274-
Kim Sun-Jin, Daniel Kogan, Nikolaos Kontoglannis & Hall Wong. Tuttle Dictionary of the Martial Arts of Korea, China & Japan p.277.
Lowry, Dave. "Promise and Peril: The Potential of Following Multiple Koryu" in Keiko Shokon, edited by Diane Skoss, p.51
Skoss, Meik & Diane "Field Guide to the Classical Japanese Martial Arts' in Sword & Spirit, edited by Diane Skoss, p.67-69.
Skoss, Diane "Field Guide to the Classical Japanese Martial Arts' in Koryu Bujutsu, edited by Diane Skoss, p.85.
Hall, David A. "Marishiten Buddhist Influences on Combattive Behavior" in Koryu Bujutsu, edited by Diane Skoss, p.110-112
- tenshō ken'ō shisetsu 天正遣欧使節 OLD FORM 天正遣歐使節 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.135)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.978
- teppan (iron plate) てっぱん or 鉄板 OLD FORM 鐵板 (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- Sources:
Eating in Japan p.49
Hosking, Richard. Dictionary of Japanese Food p.157
- teppō (firearm) 鉄砲 OLD FORM 鐵礮 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.135)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.375
Parker, L. Craig. The Japanese Police System Today p.196
TERA see: jiin (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.53)
- terebi (television) テレビ (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
- Sources:
Outlook on Japan p.59
Condon, Jack and Camy Condon. The Simple Pleasures of Japan p.24
- terebi dorama テレビドラマ
-
TV drama programs. These are commonly TV shows dramatizing real life situations. They may take place in modern times or in the past. Sometimes these are mistakenly called 'soap operas' by Americans, however they are not soaps as technically soaps involve wealthy people's petty problems and are only one kind of drama program. The first dorama was Yūgemae (Before Dinner) a 12 minute program broadcast in 1940 as an experiment demonstrating what could be done with television. The war ended all TV research in Japan so there were no further TV dramas until 1953. Today these shows make up a large portion of programing, each is a finite series of episodes in one story, usually 26 weeks long, with each episode functioning as a chapter in a longer story. Some run as long as a full year or two, some are shorter.
Anime:
In Here is Greenwood (ep.4) the dorm lady has a vistor and they watch an episode of a TV drama.
In Patlabor New Files (ep.6) a TV drama is mentioned.
Manga:
In the first volume of the Kodansha bilingual edition of GTO: Great Teacher Onizuka (p.91, 109) there are two references to the TV drama San-nen B-gumi Kinpachi Sensei, however in the TOKYOPOP edition the references are not included in the translation.
Sources:
Clements, Jonathan. The Dorama Encyclopedia p,x-x1
Years of watching Japanese TV dramas on Channel 26 in the San Francisco Bay Area.
TEREBI GĒMU see; bideo gēmu
TEREHON KURABU see: terekura (telephone club)
- terekura (telephone club) テレクラ
-
Telephone club, a contraction of terehon kurabu (テレホンクラブ). A business that charges men to pay an hourly fee to sit in a small room and wait for calls from women wanting to meet men. Women, and girls, get the numbers from ads in magazines. Telephone clubs are also a way for young women to meet men for the practice of enjo kōsai.
Manga:
A reporters notebook in IWGP: Ikebukuro West Gate Park (v.1 p.124) has the phrase telephone club crossed out.
In Voyeurs, Inc. (v.1 p. 72) two characters determine a girl they have been paid to watch is calling a terekura.
In GTO (v.16 ch.125) Miyabi is in a foul mood and calls a terekura, listens to the stranger at the other end talk for a bit and then says "Dad?"
Sources:
Schodt, Frederik. Dreamland Japan p.169-171
Sinclair, Joan. Pink Box p.23, 189
Schreiber, Mark editor. Tokyo Confidential p.81
- teruteru bōzu (rain doll) 照る照る坊主 OR てるてる坊主 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.136)
- Sources:
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.85
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1556
- teshoku (portable candle holder) 手燭 (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
- Sources:
Morse, Edward. Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings p.220
- tesō (palmistry) 手柤
-
Palmistry in Japan has some similarities with the European form. However it is also different. Palmistry is believed to have been introduced into Japan from China where it has been practiced for about 2,000 years. The Chinese book Shenxiang quanbian (Shen-hsiang ch'üan-pien) written around 1400 greatly influenced palmistry in Japan. Before the Edo Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25) professional palm readers, many of whom were rōnin (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.106), had come into existence. Today ekisha (fortune tellers) are the most common practitioners of tesō.
Manga:
In chapter 6 of Club 9 a fortune teller reads Haruo's palm and tells her about herself, he gets everything very wrong.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1186
- tetsudō (railways) 鉄道 OLD FORM 鐵道 (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
- Source:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1244
TEST OF NERVE see: kimodameshi
TETSUBASHIRA (IRON COLUMN) see: sasumata (spear fork)
THIRD MONTH FESTIVAL see: Hina Matsuri (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.45)
THROWING SOYBEANS see: Setsubun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.116)
THROWING STARS see: shuriken (The Anime Companion 2 p.89)
THUNDER GOD see: Raijin (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.105)
TIDAL WAVES see: tsunami (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
T'IEN-T'AI see: Tendaishū (Tendai sect)
TILE, END, WITH DEMON FACE see: onigawara (The Anime Companion 2 p.69)
TILE FISH see: amadai (The Anime Companion 2 p.5)
TILES, ROOF see: kawara (The Anime Companion 2 p.43)
- Titsingh, Izaak
-
1744?-1812 Born in Amsterdam, he was a medical doctor when he joined the Dutch East India Company and was transferred to the Asian headquarters in Batavia Java. He went to Japan three times in 1779-80, 1781-83 and 1784. He served as Dutch trade commissioner in Nagasaki (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.90) and visited Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18) twice in official capacities. In 1809 he returned to Holland. His books are useful resources for information about life in Japan at the time he was there.
Anime:
In Samurai Champloo (ep.6 ) it was reading The Great Mirror of Male Love by Saikaku that led Titsingh to come to Japan and take an unauthorized tour of Edo.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1563
TMPD see: Keishichō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.65)
TOAD OIL see: gama no abura (The Anime Companion 2 p.22)
TOBA-FUSHIMI, BATTLE OF see: Toba-Fushimi no Tatakai (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
- Toba-Fushimi no Tatakai (Battle Of Toba-Fushimi) 鳥羽伏見の戦い OLD FORM 鳥羽伏見の戰ひ (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1564
TOBACCO STAND OR TRAY see: tabako bon (tobacco stand or tray)
TŌBU IKEBUKURO EKI see: Ikebukuro Eki (Ikebukuro station)
- tobukuro (pocket door) 戸袋 OLD FORM 戶袋(The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.136)
- Sources:
Morse, Edward S. Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings p.250 - 252
- Tochigi ken 栃木県 OLD FORM 栃木縣 (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1565
Web Sites:
Tochigi Prefecture (official site)
TOCHIGI PREFECTURE see: Tochigi ken (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
TŌEI MOVIELAND see: Tōei Uzumasa Eigamura (Toei Uzumasa cinema village)
TOEI SAMURAI VILLAGE see: Tōei Uzumasa Eigamura (Toei Uzumasa cinema village)
TOEI UZUMASA CINEMA VILLAGE see: Tōei Uzumasa Eigamura (Toei Uzumasa cinema village)
- Tōei Uzumasa Eigamura (Toei Uzumasa cinema village) 東映太秦映画村
-
In the Tōei film studios in the Uzumasa area of Kyoto (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.77) there is a section used to make jidaigeki films and terebi dorama (TV dramas). Since 1975 area has been open for tours except for parts being used for filming, even then some limited access is allowed so visitors get to see the studio in action. Visitors can also dress up in period costume, watch stunt shows, and hear lectures about history or film making. There are also various shops and restarants in the set itself. The name is commonly translated in several ways Tōei Movieland, Toei Samurai Village, Toei Uzumasa cinema village, Kyoto Studio Park and Uzumasa Movie Village are some you may see.
Manga:
Watanabe Taeko in her diary section of volume 2 of Kaze Hikaru (p.183) writes of visiting "Toei Samurai Village".
Samura Hiroaki in his "Bloodbath" journal in Ohikkoshi mentions "Movie Village" (p.238)
Sources:
Illustrated Must-See in Kyoto p.144
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1567
Kyoto-Osaka A Bilingual Atlas 42 E5
Toei Movie Land Guide (available as a PDF file from the official website)
Web Site:
Kyoto Studio Park Toei Uzumasa Eigamura
TŌEIZAN KANEIJI see: Kaneiji (The Anime Companion 2 p.40)
- tōfu とうふ or 豆腐 (The Anime Companion 2 p.100)
- Sources:
Eating in Japan p.149
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.158
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1567
TŌFU LEES see: okara (The Anime Companion 2 p.67)
TŌFU SELLER ON BICYCLE see: tōfu-ya (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
TŌFU SLICED THIN AND FRIED see: abura-age
- tōfu-ya (tōfu seller) 豆腐屋 (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Sources:
Living Japanese Style p.106
- Togakushi 戸隠 OLD FORM 戶隱 (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Sources:
Bisignani, J. D. Japan Handbook p.387-388
Web Sites:
The Togakushi Tourism Association site
(in Japanese)
- Togakushi Jinja 戸隠神社 OLD FORM 戶隱神社 (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Sources:
Bisignani, J. D. Japan Handbook p.387-388
Road Atlas Japan p.147
Web Sites:
Togakushi Jinja's site (in Japanese)
TOGAKUSHI SHRINE see: Togakushi Jinja (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Tōhoku Chihō 東北地方
-
One of the eight regions (chihō) of Japan located in the Northern portion of Honshū (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.47). This region consists of the ken (The Anime Companion 2 p.44) of Akita, Aomori, Fukushima (The Anime Companion 2 p.22), Iwate (The Anime Companion 2 p.33), Miyagi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.86) and Yamagata. Most of the population and industry is along the Sea of Japan (Nihonkai; The Anime Companion 2 p.63) and Pacific coasts. The interior is mountainous with some basins where agriculture is practiced.
Anime:
Kintaro is transferred to the Tōhoku region in Salaryman Kintaro (ep.14)
Episode 9 of Patlabor New Files takes place here.
The Tōhoku is getting snow while Tōkyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.104) has a heat wave in Otogi Zoshi (ep.14)
Manga:
When Ogi gets flustered she lapses back to the Tohoku dialect in Genshiken (v.5 p.25).
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1571
TŌHOKU REGION see: Tōhoku Chihō
TOILET, JAPANESE see: benjo (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.9)
TOIRE NO HANAKO-SAN see: Hanako-san
- Tōkai chihō (Tōkai Region) 東海地方 OLD FORM in book is incorrect, I am unable to display it here.(The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1574
TOKAI REGION see: Tokai chihō (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Tōkaidō 東海道 OLD FORM in book is incorrect, I am unable to display it here. (The Anime Companion 2 p.101)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1573
- Tōkaidō Yotsuya Kaidan (Ghost Story of Tōkaidō Yotsuya) 東海道四谷怪談
-
A five act sewamono (contemporary setting) kabuki (The Anime Companion 2 p.35) play by Tsuruya Nanboku IV, first performed in the seventh month of 1825 at the Nakamura-za in Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18). The play goes by verious names, it is sometimes called Yotsuya Kaidan, Oiwa Inari, Mukashi Mukashi Oiwa no Kaidan, Manete Mimasu Yotsuya Kikigaki, Oiwa Inari Rishō no Tamagushi, and Katami Gusa Yotsuya Kaidan. This play is a supernatural thriller that has been so successful that it has been regularly performed to the present day. The tale is of an impoverished rōnin (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.106) named Tamiya Iemon who earns his living as an umbrella maker. This tale of love, treachery, murders, and madness with a vengeful ghost wiping out two entire families. The first performances were double billed on alternate days with Kanadehon Chūshingura (Treasury of Loyal Retainers). Elements from the play which are commonly used as references to it are the ghost of Iemon's wife Oiwa, usually with her face disfigured and a lantern split open with eyes resembling Oiwa. Translations of portions of the play are available in English. Act 2 is in Traditional Japanese Theatre: An Anthology of Plays 456 - 483, Acts III and IV are in Kabuki Plays on Stage v.3 p.136-163.
Anime:
Tōkaidō Yotsuya Kaidan is available as an anime, Ayakashi Samurai Horror Tales: Yotsuya Ghost Story.
Manga:
In Astro Boy volume 9 (p.124) during a filming of Yotsuya Ghost Stories the actor playing Iemon dies on the set.
In volume 10 of Dr. Slump (p.173) there is a tableau of bakemono (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.8) and ghosts including one of the ghost of Oiwa with a disfigured face and a hitaikakushi (triangle on forehead).
Sources:
Leiter, Samuel. New Kabuki Encyclopedia p.651-653
Brandon, James R. & Leiter, Samuel L. Kabuki Plays on Stage v.3 p.136-
- Tōkeiji 東慶寺
-
Also known as Matsugaoka Gosho and Matsugaoka Tōkeiji. This temple in Kamakura (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.59) was founded, with Imperial support, by Kakuzan-zenni, Hōjō Tokimune's widow in 1285. She proposed the temple be a refuge for women desiring divorce from their husbands. It continued to function as a kakekomidera (refuge temple) for most of it's history. After falling into hard times it was reorganized by Shaku Sōen as a Rinzai Zen Buddhist (The Anime Companion 2 p.122) monastery. It is the location of the Matsugaoka Bunko, a library dedicated to the scholar D. T. Suzuki.
Manga:
In the first chapter of Yagyu Ninja Scrolls: Revenge of the Hori Clan vassals of Katō Shikibunoshō Akinari violate the sacred space of the temple.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1574
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.562
TOKIKAMA (TIME HOOK) see: sasumata (spear fork)
- tokkōfuku (kamikaze party uniform) 特攻服
-
Sometimes translated as "kamikaze party uniform". A type of loose single colored knee length robe or long jacket worn both by redii (lady bikers) and male bōsōzoku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.14) members. Tokkōfuku are commonly decorated with an embroidered group name, slogans and emblematic art. There are shops that will make custom tokkōfuku for reasonable rates. Such clothing is worn for group activities not for everyday wear.
Manga:
In Pink Sniper (p.86) we see Yukari in her tokkōfuku with slogans on the back and sleeve.
An impressive tokkōfuku can be seen in late in GTO (v.25 ch.198)
Sources:
Macias, Patrick and Izumi Evers. Japanese Schoolgirl Inferno p.38
Sato Ikuya. Kamikaze Biker: Parody and Anomy in Affluent Japan p.38, 63-64, 67, 80-81
TOKKŌTAI see: Kamikaze Tokubetsu Kōgekitai (The Anime Companion 2 p.39)
- tokkuri (sake flask) 徳利 OLD FORM 德利(The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1301
Eating in Japan p.141
- tokonoma (decorative alcove) 床の間 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137)
- Sources:
Living Japanese Style p.20
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1575
- Tokugawa [family] Tokugawashi 徳川氏 OLD FORM 德川氏 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1577
TOKUGAWA ERA see: Edo period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25)
- Tokugawa Hidetada 徳川秀忠
-
1579-1632. The third son of Tokugawa Ieyasu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102) and his successor as shōgun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.123). He lead some of the forces of the Tokugawa clan (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137) at the Battle Of Sekigahara (Sekigahara no Tatakai, The Anime Companion 2 p.81), however he missed the battle itself as he was laying siege to Ueda Castle. He also led troops in the Ōsaka no Jin (Battle of Ōsaka Castle). In 1605 he officially became shōgun, however his father continued to hold considerable power so they jointly ruled until 1616 when Ieyasu died. In 1623 Hidetada followed his father's example and retired making his son Tokugawa Iemitsu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102) shōgun and they jointly ruled until Hidetada died. During his rule many significant reforms were undertaken regarding control of the daimyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.15), christianity (Kirisutokyō, The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.69), and foreign contact.
Anime:
That Tokugawa Ieyasu, Hidetada and Iemitsu were all served by Tenkai is mentioned by Urabe in Otogi Zoshi (ep.18)
In Samurai Deeper Kyo Hidetada is a significant character under a pseudonym.
Manga:
That the Emperor Go-Mizunoo was forced to marry Hidetada's daughter is mentioned in Samurai Legend (Ch. 2)
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1577
Turnbull, Stephen. The Samurai Sourcebook p.85
TOKUGAWA HIROTADA see: Matsudaira Hirotada
- Tokugawa Iemitsu 徳川家光 OLD FORM 德川家光 (The Anime Companion 2 p.102)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1577
- Tokugawa Iemochi 徳川家茂
-
1846-66. From 1858-66 Iemochi was the 14th Tokugawa shōgun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.123). He was born in Wakayama han and his name was originally Tokugawa Yoshitomi. When the 13th shogun, Tokugawa Iesada, died without an heir a struggle for who would become the successor took place. The forces backing Tokugawa Yoshinobu (The Anime Companion 2 p.104), led by Matsudaira Yoshinaga were defeated by the conservatives led by Ii Naosuke (The Anime Companion 2 p.29) who backed Yoshitomi. Upon becoming shōgun Yoshitomi took the name of Iemochi. Iemochi's wife was princess Kazu, the daughter of Emperor Kōmei, this marriage was part of the plans of the Movement for Union of Court and Shogunate. As part of these plans Iemochi made three visits to the court in Kyōto (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.77), on the last visit he died and was succeeded by Tokugawa Yoshinobu.
Anime:
Tokugawa Iemochi going to Kyōto is mentioned by the teacher during a lecture in Kami Chu! (ep.12)
Manga:
A reference to the shogun who went to Kyōto in Kaze Hikaru (v.1 p.20) obviously means Tokugawa Iemochi
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1577
- Tokugawa Ienobu 徳川家宣
-
1662-1712. Originally Ienobu was the elder son of Tokugawa Tsunashige, daimyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.15) of Kōfu han. In 1678 he took his father's place becoming the daimyo. In 1704 his uncle the shōgun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.123) Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, who was childless, adopted him as his heir. In 1708 Tsunayoshi died and Ienobu became the 6th shōgun in 1709, he ruled until 1712. During these few years he instituted several reforms, the Shōtoku no Chi, inspired by Confucian (Jukyō; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.56) principles on the advice of Arai Hakuseki his teacher and advisor. When he died his son Tokugawa Ietsugu was four and became the new shōgun.
Manga:
Tokugawa Ienobu is instructed on the strategy to keep Satsuma han (The Anime Companion 2 p.80) poor in Satsuma Gishiden v.2 p.16.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p. 1578
- Tokugawa Ieshige 徳川家重
-
1712-1761 Son of Tokugawa Yoshimune (The Anime Companion 2 p.103) and the ninth Tokugawa shōgun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.123) from 1745-1760. Yoshimune had insisted that Ieshige; who was 34, sickly, had a speech defect and was far less qualified than his two younger brothers, become shōgun. Yoshimune co-ruled as retired shōgun for the first two years of Ieshige's reign. Ieshige had little interest is being an active administrator and left much of the work to Ōoka Tadamitsu, his chamberlain.
Manga:
In Satsuma Gishiden (v.1 p.255) it is during the reign of Tokugawa Ieshige Satsuma han (The Anime Companion 2 p.80) was ordered assist in the flood control work on the Kiso, Nagara and Ibi rivers.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1578
- Tokugawa Ietsuna 徳川家綱
-
1641-80 The fourth Tokugawa (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137) shōgun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.123) who ruled from 1651-80. Ietsuna was the eldest son of Tokugawa Iemitsu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102, he was 10 when he became shōgun and ruled with the advice of Hoshina Masayuki, Matsudaira Nobutsuna and Sakai Tadakiyo, all men who had worked under his father. Early in his rule there was a coup attempt, the Keian incident. Other noted events of the rule were a banning of following one's lord in death, encouragement of Confucian studies (Jukyō; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.56), the invitation of the priest Ingen from China and the writing of the Honchō Tsugan (Comprehensive Mirror of Our Nation's Dynasty). Being of poor health he was largely a figurehead and died without a son when he was 39. His younger brother Tokugawa Tsunayoshi then became shōgun.
Manga:
In Satsuma Gishiden (v.2 p.16) we see Ietsuna instructed on how to handle the potential danger that is Satsuma han (The Anime Companion 2 p.80)
Sources:
Goedertier, Joseph M. Dictionary of Japanese History p. 210
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1578
- Tokugawa Ieyasu 徳川家康 OLD FORM 德川家康 (The Anime Companion 2 p.102)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1578 - 79
TOKUGAWA KEIKI see: Tokugawa Yoshinobu (The Anime Companion 2 p.104)
- Tokugawa Mitsukuni 徳川光圀 OLD FORM 德川光圀 (The Anime Companion 2 p.103)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1579
Schilling, Mark. The Encyclopedia of Japanese Pop Culture. p.135
- Tokugawa Nobuyasu 徳川信康
-
1559-1579 The oldest son of Tokugawa Ieyasu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102), his childhood name (yōmyō The Anime Companion 2 p.118) was Takechiyo. His early years were in Sumpu, a hostage, as were his parents, to the Imagawa family. In 1562 Ieyasu, who was living in Okazaki, dispatched Ishikawa Kazumasa to negotiate the release of Takechiyo and his mother Lady Tsukiyama in exchange for Imagawa relatives that Ieyasu held captive. In 1570, when he was eleven, Takechiyo was declared an adult by his father and given the name Nobuyasu. He had already been married for reasons of interfamily alliance to Tokuhime, the daughter of Oda Nobunaga (The Anime Companion 2 p.65) since 1567. In 1579 Tokuhime wrote her father regarding evidence that her husband and mother in law were plotting against the Oda. Accused of treason Nobuyasu was ordered to commit seppuku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.115) when he was 21.
Anime:
Tokugawa Nobuyasu and his death are mentioned in Samurai Deeper Kyo (ep.15).
Manga:
In the fourth volume of Path of the Assassin we see the infant Takechiyo with his parents and the successful negotiation to free them from being hostages.
Sources:
Turnbull, Stephen. The Samurai Sourcebook p.85
Totman, Conrad. Tokugawa Ieyasu: Shōgun p.32, 33, 37, 41-42
TOKUGAWA PERIOD see: Edo period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25)
TOKUGAWA SEN see: Sen Hime (Princess Sen)
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi 徳川綱吉
-
1646-1709 The fifth Tokugawa (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137) shōgun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.123) who ruled from 1680-1709. He was the third son of Tokugawa Iemitsu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102). When his older brother, Tokugawa Ietsuna, died Tsunayoshi became the next shōgun. A common view is that Tsunayoshi's early advisor Hotta Masatoshi improved government finances and increased social stability and that when Masatoshi died the influence of sobayonin (grand chamberlain) Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu increased and Tsunayoshi took a less active role in running the country and became very self indulgent. In fact the opposite seems to be true with Tsunayoshi relying on Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu to apply Confucian principles and reform a government that was troubled with corruption and self indulgent officials. Tsunayoshi is also known for his "Edicts on Compassion for Living Things" (Shōrui Awaremi no Rei) which banned many types of brutal acts against the weak, especially children, and killing animals. Tsunayoshi's special interest in dogs, he was born in the year of the dog, earned him the nickname of the "dog shōgun". The famous Genroku jidai fell within Tsunayoshi's rule.
Manga:
In Satsuma Gishiden (v.2 p.16) we see Tsunayoshi instructed on how to handle the potential danger that is Satsuma han (The Anime Companion 2 p.80)
Sources:
Cybriwsky, Roman, Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p.146
Illustrated Who’s Who of Japan p.97
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1581
- Tokugawa Yorinobu 徳川頼宣 OLD FORM 德川賴宣 (The Anime Companion 2 p.103)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.777
Papinot, E. Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan p. 680
Turnbull, Stephen. The Samurai Sourcebook p.86
- Tokugawa Yoshimune 徳川吉宗 OLD FORM 德川吉宗 (The Anime Companion 2 p.103)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia (p.1581)
Frederic, Louis. Japan Encyclopedia (p. 979)
- Tokugawa Yoshinobu 徳川慶喜 OLD FORM 德川慶喜 (The Anime Companion 2 p.104)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1581
Shiba Ryotaro. The Last Shōgun: The Life of Tokugawa Yoshinobu
TOKUGAWA YOSHITOMI see: Tokugawa Iemochi
- Tōkyō 東京 (The Anime Companion 2 p.104)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1583-1594
Cybriwsky, Roman. Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p. 149
Web sites:
Welcome to Tokyo (official government site, English section.)
Tokyo Subway Map
Administrative Districts of Tokyo Metropolis (map)
Tokyo Statistical Yearbook
For a list of the Wards (ku) of Tōkyō see: TŌKYŌ/EDO - GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURE/LOCATION - KU (WARDS) in the subject index.
TŌKYŌ BAY see: Tōkyō Wan (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
TŌKYŌ CITY HALL see: Tōkyō Tochōsha (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.139)
- Tōkyō Daigaku (Tōkyō University) 東京大学 OLD FORM 東京大學 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Sources:
A Look Into Tokyo p.160
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1600
Web site:
Tōkyō Daigaku
TŌKYŌ DISNEYLAND see: Tōkyō Dizunīrando (The Anime Companion 2 p.104)
- Tōkyō Dizunīrando (Tōkyō Disneyland) 東京ディズニーランド (The Anime Companion 2 p.104)
- Sources:
De Mente, Boye Lafayette. Japan Encyclopedia p.101, 493
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1595
Web site:
Tōkyō Dizunīrando
TŌKYŌ DOME see: Tōkyō Dōmu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Tōkyō Dōmu (Tōkyō Dome) 東京ドーム (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1595
TŌKYŌ EARTHQUAKE OF 1923 see: >Kantō Daisinsai (The Anime Companion 2 p.41)
- Tōkyō Eki (Tōkyō Station) 東京駅 OLD FORM 東京驛 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1599
A Look Into Tokyo p.100
TŌKYŌ INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT see Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Tōkyō Kokuritsu Hakubutsukan (Tōkyō National Museum) 東京国立博物館 (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Source:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1598
Waley, Paul. Tokyo Now & Then p. 159, 161, 162-65
- Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō 東京国際空港 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Sources:
A Look Into Tokyo p.166
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1597
Living in Japan p.132
Web site:
Big Bird, the official web site: (in English)
- Tōkyō Kokusai Tenjijō (Tōkyō International Exhibition Center aka Tōkyō Big Sight) 東京国際展示場
-
The Tōkyō International Exhibition Center also known as Tōkyō Biggu Saito (Tokyo Big Sight 東京ビッグサイト). Designed by Axs Satow Inc., construction was completed in October of 1995. Located in the Ariake neighborhood of Kōtō-ku (The Anime Companion 2 p.50) in Tōkyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.104) near the Kokusai Tenjijō Seimon train station. The building resembles four upside down pyramids, and has a total 80,000 square meters of exhibition space, a 1,000 seat conference room on the 7th floor, and two large exhibition halls, the West is five stories in height and the East is three. Among anime and manga fans this complex is famous as the location of Comic Market (Komiketto; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.73)
Anime and Manga:
Given the otaku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.103) nature of Genshiken it is no surprise that several stories involve Tokyo Big Sight. (v.1 p.126, ep3, etc).
Anime:
In the Ah! My Goddess TV series v.6 Tokyo Big Sight is hit by a meteor (ep.23)
In Full Metal Panic! (ep.12) this is where the Arbalest lands.
Manga:
Other otaku oriented manga with Tokyo Big Sight include Maniac Road (v.2 p.39) and the sequel Pretty Maniacs (v.1 p.135)
Sources:
Tokyo City Atlas 67 E5
Watanabe Hiroshi. Architecture of Tōkyō p.209-210
Web Site:
TOKYO BIG SIGHT -Tokyo International Exhibition Center
TŌKYŌ METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT OFFICES see: Tōkyō Tochōsha (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.139)
TŌKYŌ METROPOLITAN POLICE see: Keishichō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.65)
TŌKYŌ NATIONAL MUSEUM see Tōkyō Kokuritsu Hakubutsukan (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Tōkyō Shōken Torihikijo (Tokyo Stock Exchange) 東京証券取引所 (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Sources:
Cybriwsky, Roman. Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p.154
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1600
Waley, Paul. Tokyo Now & Then p.78
Web Sites:
Tokyo Stock Exchange
TŌKYŌ STATION see: Tōkyō Eki (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
TŌKYŌ STOCK EXCHANGE see: Tōkyō Shōken torihikijo (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Tōkyō Tawā (Tōkyō Tower) 東京タワー (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia 1600
A Look Into Tokyo p.130-
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.113
Web site:
Tōkyō Tawa
- Tōkyō Tochōsha (Tōkyō Metropolitan Government Offices) 東京都庁舎 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.139)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1597
Web site:
Tōkyō Tochōsha
TŌKYŌ TOWER see: Tōkyō Tawā (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
TŌKYŌ UNIVERSITY see: Tōkyō Daigaku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.138)
- Tōkyō Wan (Tokyo Bay) 東京湾 OLD FORM 東京灣 (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1595
TŌKYŌ WAR TRIALS see: sensō hanzai ni kansuru saiban (The Anime Companion 2 p.82)
- Tomakomai 苫小牧 [市] (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1601
Bisignani, J. D. Japan Handbook p.793-794
TŌMITSU SECT (TŌJI ESOTERICISM") see: Shingonshū (Shingon sect of Buddhism)
- tōmorokoshi (corn on the cob) 玉蜀黍 or とうもろこし (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Sources:
Eating in Japan p.126
- tonfa トンファ (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
- Sources:
Frederic, Louis. Dictionary of the Martial Arts p.238
- tonkatsu (pork cutlet) とんカツ or 豚カツ (The Anime Companion 2 p.106)
- Sources:
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.159
Nagasawa Kimiko & Camy Condon. Eating Cheap in Japan p.54-55
- tonkori (Ainu stringed instrument) トンコリ
-
A stringed instrument with the number of strings ranging from 4 to 6. The tonkori is often used in performances of the Kamuy-yukar (songs of the gods) and religious ceremonies. The tonkori is so important in Ainu (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.3) culture that the instruments themselves are considered deities. Each tonkori is custom made for the player so the sizes and designs vary, the maker places one or two pebbles in the instrument to give it a soul. The strings are played with the fingers of both hands without any pitch change.
Anime:
In Samurai Champloo (ep.17) Okuru plays a tonkori and we hear the sound of Ando Umeko sing "Pekambe Uku", "The Wheat Harvest Song", she died shortly before the episode was aired.
Sources:
Fitzhugh, William W. & Dubreuil, Chisato O. eds. Ainu: Spirit of a Northern People p.284.
de Ferranti, Hugh. Japanese Musical Instruments p.76.
Samurai Shamploo Roman Album p.58.
TOPS see: koma (The Anime Companion 2 p.48)
- tori no ichi (bird fair) 酉の市 (The Anime Companion 2 p.106)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1608
Pictorial Encyclopedia of Japanese Life and Events p.84
Look Into Tokyo p.84
Outlook on Japan p.107
Bush, Lewis Japanalia: A Concise Encyclopedia p.374
TORI NO MACHI see: tori no ichi (The Anime Companion 2 p.106)
TŌRIGARAMI (GRASPING HAND) see: sodegarami (sleeve entangler)
- torii (shrine gate) 鳥居 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.139)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1606 and 434
Basic Terms of Shintō (1958) p.72
TORIMONO SANDŌGU see: sasumata (spear fork), sodegarami (sleeve entangler) and tsukubo (push pole)
TORO see also: ōtoro (very fatty tuna meat)
- Tosa han 土佐藩 (The Anime Companion 2 p.106)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1609
Turnbull, Stephen. The Samurai Sourcebook p.92
- toshikoshi soba (new year's soba) 年越しそば (The Anime Companion 2 p.106)
- Sources:
Experiencing Japanese Culture p.185
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1611
Look Into Japan p.89
Pictorial Encyclopedia of Japanese Life and Events p.95
- Toshima-ku 豊島区
-
A ward of Tōkyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.104) bordered on the West by Nerima-ku (The Anime Companion 2 p.61) and Nakano-ku (The Anime Companion 2 p.60), on the South by Shinjuku-ku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.120), on the East by Bunkyō-ku, on the North by Kita-ku and Itabashi-ku 板橋区. In the Edo Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25) Toshima was a village in an agricultural area on the Nakasendō (The Anime Companion 2 p.60). After WWII this area was quickly developed as a residential community with a major commercial center in Ikebukuro.
Anime:
In Otogi Zoshi episode 21 a water stoppage in Toshima-ku is reported, that the area was rural is mentioned and most of the episode takes place there.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1611
Tokyo Metropolitan Atlas p.34
Web Site:
Official site English section: Welcome to Toshima City
- toso 屠蘇 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.139)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1612
TOSSING SOYBEANS see: Setsubun (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.116)
TOWEL, SMALL see: oshibori (small damp towel)
TOWN COMMITTEE OR COUNCIL see: chōnaikai (neighborhood association) (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.19)
TOWNSMEN see: chōnin (townsmen)
- Toyotomi Hideyori 豊臣秀頼 OLD FORM 豐臣秀賴
-
The son of Toyotomi Hideyoshi (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.140) and the concubine Yodogimi. Hideyori was born when his father was quite old, Hideyoshi died when Hideyori was five years old. Hideyoshi chose five of his most powerful followers to insure the safety of his son. One of the five was Tokugawa Ieyasu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102) who then consolidated his power over a period of many years. After the Sekigahara no Tatakai (Battle Of Sekigahara) (The Anime Companion 2 p.81) Hideyori became just another daimyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.15). Conflicts arose between him and the Tokugawa family (Tokugawashi) (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.137) and he died in 1615 during the Ōsaka no Jin (Battle of Ōsaka Castle).
Manga:
In Vagabond (v.6 ch.56) Matahachi has a few drinks with a man who is angry about the way Tokugawa Ieyasu treats Hideyori.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1616
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 OLD FORM 豐臣秀吉 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.140)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1617
TOY, BOBBING COW OR OX see: akabeko (The Anime Companion 2 p.4)
TŌZAIYA see: chindonya (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.19)
- tozama daimyō 外様大名 OLD FORM 外樣大名 (The Anime Companion 2 p.107)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1618
Craig, Albert M. Chōshū in the Meiji Restoration p.18
Papinot, E. Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan p.700
TRADITIONAL CONFECTIONARY see: kashiya (traditional confectionary)
TRADITIONAL STOREHOUSE, see: dozō (The Anime Companion 2 p.17)
TRAIN, PUSHERS see: oshiya (push man)
TRAINING (WARRIOR'S) PILGRIMAGE OR JOURNEY see: musha shugyō (The Anime Companion 2 p.58)
- TRAINS see:
-
commuter trains (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.20)
Shinkansen (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.120)
Yamanote Sen (The Anime Companion 2 p.115)
TRAY, FLAT FOR SERVING FOOD see: oshiki (The Anime Companion 2 p.70)
TREASURE SHIP see: takarabune (treasure ship)
TREASURY OF LOYAL RETAINERS see: Kanadehon Chūshingura
TREATY OF KANAGAWA see: Nichibei Washin Jōyaku (The Anime Companion 2 p.62)
TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN see: Nichibei Washin Jōyaku (The Anime Companion 2 p.62)
TREE, SACRED see: shinboku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.119)
TRIANGLE ON CORPSE OR GHOST HEAD see: hitaikakushi (triangle on forehead)
TROOPER COAT see: tokkōfuku (kamikaze party uniform)
TRUCK WITH FANCY DECORATION see: decotora (decorated truck)
- tsuba (sword guard) 鍔 or 鐔 (The Anime Companion 2 p.107)
- Sources:
Yumoto, John M. The Samurai Sword. p.83
- tsubaki (camellia) 椿 (The Anime Companion 2 p.107)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.157
- tsubame (swallow) 燕 (The Anime Companion 2 p.107)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1490
A Field Guide to the Birds of Japan p.220-221
Morse, Edward S. Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings p.227
TSUBUAN see an
- tsuitate (standing screen) 衝立 (The Anime Companion 2 p.108)
- Sources:
Morse, Edward. Japanese Homes and Their Surroundings p.181
- tsujigiri 辻斬
-
"Cutting down at the crossroad" The act of killing someone at random by samurai (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.110). This act of slaughtering an innocent passerby could be to test a sword, improve technique or even to take the money the victim had on them. This was a problem mainly in the early Edo Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.25). The bakufu (The Anime Companion 2 p.8) prohibited the practice and instituted patrols to increase safety. Those caught violating the law were publicly humiliated and then beheaded.
Manga:
Magatsu talks to O-Ren about possibly becoming a tsujikiri around Bancho in Blade of the Immortal: Dark Shadows Part 3
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1630
- tsuka (sword hilt) 柄 (The Anime Companion 2 p.108)
- Sources:
Warner, Gordon and Donn F. Draeger Japanese Swordsmanship: Technique and Practice p.55, 105
Yumoto, John M. The Samurai Sword. p.84
TSUKA-GASHIRA see: kashira (The Anime Companion 2 p.42)
- Tsukahara Bokuden 塚原卜伝 OLD FORM 塚原卜傳 (The Anime Companion 2 p.108)
- Sources:
Turnbull, Stephen. The Lone Samurai and the Martial Arts p.62-
- tsukemono (pickle) つけもの or 漬物 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.140)
- Sources:
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.161
TSUKIJI FISH MARKET see: Tsukiji Shijō (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- Tsukiji Shijō (Tsukiji Fish Market) 築地市場 (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- Sources:
Bestor, Theodore C. Tsukiji p.21
Cybriwsky, Roman. Historical Dictionary of Tokyo p. 156
Enbutsu Sumiko. Old Tokyo p.125-126
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1631
Web Sites:
Tsukiji Shijō (Official site)
TSUKIJI WHOLESALE MARKET see: Tsukiji Shijō (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- tsukimono otoshi (exorcism) 憑物落とし (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.140)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.352
- tsūkin (commuting) 通勤 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.140)
- Sources:
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.29
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.218
- Tsukiyama 築山
-
Lady Tsukiyama, also known as Tsukiyama Gozen, was the niece of Imagawa Yoshimoto and in 1557 became the first wife of Tokugawa Ieyasu (The Anime Companion 2 p.102) to seal the allegiance between the families. In 1559 she gave birth to a son Takechiyo who would later be called Tokugawa Nobuyasu, the following year she gave birth to a daughter, Kamehime. She and her children remained in Sumpu when Ieyasu marched as part of the Imagawa army. As a result of the defeat of the Imagawa forces at Dengakuhazama Ieyasu gained a degree of independence allying himself with Oda Nobunaga (The Anime Companion 2 p.65) and in 1562 Ieyasu's vassal Ishikawa Kazumasa negotiated the release of Lady Tsukiyama and the children in exchange for Imagawa relatives that Ieyasu held captive. In 1579 Tokuhime, Lady Tsukiyama's daughter in law, wrote her father Oda Nobunaga regarding evidence that her husband and mother in law were plotting treason. To prevent open conflict with his lord Ieyasu ordered his wife killed and son to commit seppuku (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.115)
Manga:
In the first volume of Path of the Assassin (p.135) we see the marriage of Ieyasu and Tsukiyama, their relationship continues to be part of the story after that point.
Sources:
Totman, Conrad. Tokugawa Ieyasu: Shōgun p.32, 33, 37, 41-42
TSUKIYAMA GOZEN see: Tsukiyama
- tsukubo (push pole) 突棒
-
A long pole with a T shaped end. The T and pole near it would usually be
covered with spikes. This implement would be used by the police to
capture suspects by pushing, tripping or pinning them against another
object. A rare type had weighted chains in each end of the T. The
tsukubo is one of the torimono sandōgu along with the sasumata (spear fork) and sodegarami (sleeve entangler).
Manga:
Tsukubo show up in several manga set in the Edo Period (The Anime
Companion [vol.1] p.25), examples include: Lone Wolf and Cub (v.2 p.12),
Samurai Executioner (v.1 p.114, 200; v.5 p.231), Blade of the Immortal
(v.18 "Sparrow Net part 2), and Color of Rage (p.247).
Sources:
Cunningham, Don. Taiho-Jutsu p.93, 98-100
- Tsukudajima 佃島 (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- Sources:
Enbutsu Sumiko. Old Tokyo p. 122
Look Into Tokyo p.72
Waley, Paul. Tokyo Now & Then p111-115
- tsukudani つくだに or 佃煮
-
A type of preserve. Ingredients are simmered in soy sauce (shōyu; The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.124), mirin and sugar until almost all of the liquid is gone. The ingredients used are usually vegetables or seafood cut into chunks. Tsukudani has a salty sweet quality as well as the flavor of the chosen ingredients. However the strong taste of tsukudani means that it is consumed in small quantities along with other ingredients at a meal. Tsukudani means "tsukuda simmered" refers to where the technique was developed, Tsukudajima (The Anime Companion 2 p.109) near the mouth of the Sumidagawa (The Anime Companion 2 p.93) in Edo (The Anime Companion 2 p.18)
Manga:
In Doing Time a variety of tsukudani are part of meals throughout the book, these include: by fish tsukudani (p.46), squid tsukudani (p.46), bean and seaweed tsukudani (p.47), dry tuna and seaweed tsukudani (p.47), herring tsukudani (p.119), minnow tsukudani (p.120), and shrimp tsukudani (p.120)
Sources:
Hosking, Richard. A Dictionary of Japanese Food p.162
Illustrated Eating in Japan p.111
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1632
- tsukumogami (spirit of a made object) 付喪神
-
There is a tradition in Japan that an old made made object will gain a spirit over time and become a bakemono (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.8). There is an otogi-zōshi story from the Muromachi Period (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.90) entitled "Tsukumogami-ki' where this is said to be after 100 years. Some of the tales and images of tsukumogami are of neglected and abused possessions taking revenge on bad owners, other representations are of processions of objects. The most famous type scroll representation of processions is the humorous Hyakkiyagyō emaki. It is said this phenomenon can be prevented by properly disposing of such items before they are 100 years old.
Anime:
In Kami Chu! we see many tsukumogami, especially in episode 7 "Lovers of the Sun".
Tsukumogami show up more than once in the parade sequence in Pom Poko.
Sources:
Foster, Michael Dylan. Morphologies of Mystery p.10-12, 70
- tsukune (meatballs) つくね (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- Sources:
Hosking, Richard. Dictionary of Japanese Food p.162
- tsuna (rope) 綱 (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- Sources:
Thanks to Kyle T. Pope for asking about the use of tsuna in Sumo (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.127)
Buckingham, Dorothea N. Essential Guide to Sumo p.201
- tsunami (tidal wave) 津波 (The Anime Companion 2 p.109)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1633
Frederic, Louis. Japan Encyclopedia p.1001
TSUNAYOSHI see: Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
- tsunokakushi (headdress) 角隠し OLD FORM 角隱し (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.141)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1693
Vardaman, James M. and Michiko Sakaki Vardaman Japan From A to Z p.21
- tsuribori (fishing ponds) 釣堀 or 釣り堀
-
Fishing ponds. These are artificial ponds in urban areas where one can pay some money and fish for a period of time. If you don't have your own equipment and bait you can pay a small fee to use that of the business. Most of these places are catch and release, a few will allow you to take your fish home and some give coupons for each fish caught which you can exchange for prizes or use to fish at the same place at a later date. There is even an indoor version known as hakozuri with pools set up on the floor.
Anime:
Toukairin takes some kids fishing at a tsuribori as part of their kendō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.66) training in You're Under Arrest (ep.46)
Sources:
Illustrated Living Japanese Style p.108-9
Tokyo Walking Around p.75
- tsuri-dōrō (hanging lantern) 釣灯籠 OLD FORM 釣燈籠 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.141)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.878
- tsuru (crane) 鶴 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.141)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.253
Condon, John and Keisuke Kurata. In Search of What's Japanese About Japan p.34
TSŪSANSHŌ see: Tsūshō Sangyō Shō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.141)
- tsūshō 通称 FORMAL 通稱 (The Anime Companion 2 p.110)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1046
Joya, Mock. Mock Joya's Things Japanese p.668
- Tsūshō Sangyō Shō (Ministry of International Trade and Industry - MITI) 通商産業省 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.141)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.969
Today's Japan p.173
- Tsūtenkaku (Osaka Tower) 通天閣 (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.141)
- Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1162
Web Sites:
Official web site in Japanese.
- tsuzumi 鼓
-
Types of drums with an hourglass shaped body and skins sewn onto iron rings at each end. The two most commonly seen types are kotsuzumi, which are played on the shoulder, and the ōtsuzumi, played on the thigh. Another type is the San no tsuzumi which is played with a drum stick. These are most commonly used in traditional performing arts such as Nō (The Anime Companion 2 p.63), kabuki (The Anime Companion 2 p.35) and kyōgen.
Anime:
These are seen, and heard, in several anime with dancing involved such as the first episode of Gasaraki.
Sources:
Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia p.1636
Malm, William P. Traditional Japanese Music and Musical Instruments p.137
Outlook on Japan p.50
Wade, Bonnie C. Music in Japan p.109-110
TUBERCULOSIS see: kekkaku (The Anime Companion 2 p.44)
TUIFA see: tonfa (The Anime Companion 2 p.105)
TUNA, VERY FATTY TUNA MEAT see: ōtoro (very fatty tuna meat)
TURKISH BATHS see: sōpurando (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.125)
TURNIP GREENS see: nozawana (turnip greens)
TURTLE, SNAPPING see: suppon (The Anime Companion 2 p.93)
TV see: terebi (The Anime Companion 2 p.99)
TV DRAMA see: terebi dorama, San-nen B-gumi Kinpachi Sensei
TWELVE GUARDIANS OF YAKUSHI-NYORAI see: Juni-jinshō (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.57)
TWO MOUTHED WOMAN see: futakuchi-onna (two mouthed woman)
TYPHOONS see: taifū (The Anime Companion [vol.1] p.130)
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Created: October 31, 1998
Updated: July 21, 2008
